A Token Economy That Supports Both Behavior and Math Skills

A Token Economy That Supports Both Behavior and Math Skills A Point System is a token economy that gives focuses to the practices or scholastic undertakings that you need to fortify either for an understudies IEP, or to oversee or improve focused on practices. Focuses are doled out to those liked (substitution) practices and remunerated on a progressing premise to your understudies. Token Economiesâ support conduct and instruct youngsters to concede delight. It is one of a few strategies that can bolster great conduct. A point framework to compensate conduct makes a goal, execution based framework that can be direct to control. A Point framework is a viable method to oversee a fortification program for understudies in independent projects, however can likewise be utilized to help conduct in an incorporation setting. You will need to have your point framework work on two levels: one that objectives explicit practices of a youngster with an IEP, and another that covers the social desires for the general homeroom, as a device for study hall the board. Executing a Point System Distinguish the practices that you need to increment or lessening. These can be Academic Behaviors (finishing assignments, execution in perusing or math) Social Behavior (Saying thank you to peers, standing by persistently for turns, and so forth.) or Classroom Survival Skills (Staying in your seat, lifting a hand for authorization to speak.Its best to confine the quantity of practices you need to perceive from the start. Theres no explanation you cannot include a conduct every week for a month, however you might need to grow the expense of the compensations as the likelihood to win focuses expands.Determine the things, exercises or benefits that can be earned by the focuses. More youthful understudies might be progressively persuaded for favored things or little toys. More established understudies might be progressively intrigued by benefits, particularly benefits that give that youngster perceivability and along these lines consideration from their peers.Pay regard for what your un derstudies want to do in their leisure time. You can likewise utilize a prize menu, to find your understudies inclinations. Simultaneously, be set up to include things as your understudies reinforcers may change. Settle on the quantity of focuses earned for every conduct, and the time period for winning prizes or gaining an outing to the prize box. You may likewise need to make a time period for the conduct: a half hour of perusing bunch liberated from interference might be useful for five or ten points.Determine the reinforcer costs. What number of focuses for every reinforcer? You need to make certain to require more focuses for progressively attractive reinforcers. You may likewise need some little reinforcers that understudies could acquire each day.Create a Classroom Bank or another strategy for recording aggregated focuses. You may have the option to make an understudy the investor, however you need to work in some discouragement to extortion. Pivoting the job is one way. On the off chance that your understudies have frail scholastic aptitudes (rather than Emotionally Impaired understudies) you or your homeroom assistant may direct the fortification program.Decide how focuses will be co nveyed. Focuses should be conveyed ceaselessly and unpretentiously, following the fitting, target conduct. Conveyance techniques may include:Poker chips: White chips were two focuses, blue chips were five focuses, and red chips were ten focuses. I granted two focuses for being discovered being acceptable, and five focuses were useful for finishing assignments, returning schoolwork, and so forth. Toward the finish of the period, they tallied their focuses and remunerated them. After 50 or 100 focuses they could exchange them for a prize: either a benefit (utilization of my CD players during free labor for a week) or a thing from my fortune chest.A record sheet on the understudies work area: Use a particular shaded pen to maintain a strategic distance from counterfeiting.A day by day record on a clipboard: This would be best for small kids who might either lose the chips or not have the option to help with record keeping: the instructor can record their day by day focuses on a class d iagram by the day's end/period.Plastic cash used to show checking: This would be extraordinary for a gathering that is gaining cash tallying aptitudes. In this framework, one penny would rise to one point. Disclose the framework to your understudies. Make certain to show the framework, clarifying it altogether. You might need to make a banner that unequivocally names the ideal conduct and the quantity of focuses for each behavior.Accompany focuses with social acclaim. Adulating understudies will combine acclaim with the fortification and improve the probability that acclaim alone will increment focused on behaviors.Use adaptability while controlling your point framework. Youll need to strengthen each example of the objective conduct to begin yet might need to spread it out over various events. Start with 2 focuses for every event and increment it to 5 focuses for each 4 events. Additionally focus on which things are liked, as inclinations may change after some time. After some time you can include or change target practices, as you change the support calendar and reinforcers.

Climate Change And Creating Climate Refugees Environmental Sciences Essay

Environmental Change And Creating Climate Refugees Environmental Sciences Essay Presentation 1.1 Background The world is experiencing an expansive arrangement of worldwide changes, similar to changes in populace thickness, atmosphere, asset use, land use, biodiversity, and urbanization and globalization forms. Environmental change is one of the drivers of worldwide change, which has throughout the years been gotten solid concentration by researchers, arrangement creators and pioneers of the world (Vitousek, 1994). At present environmental change is considered as rising worldwide danger that actuates physical ecological effects as well as influences the social structures, financial variables and the general improvement process (Birkmann, 2010). This rising danger has presented another social network named Climate Refugee particularly for the influenced creating countries. The UN at present expresses that a greater number of exiles are uprooted by natural disasters than wars, and the quantity of the atmosphere displaced person is in excess of 25 million which is probably going to get 50 mill ion in coming decades (Meyers, 2002). Out of those 25 million individuals around 10 million are from Africa who are straightforwardly influenced by the environmental change by means of dry spells. The second biggest gathering is from waterfront zones of Asian nations, who are influenced by catastrophic events like typhoons, storm floods, floods, saltiness and dry seasons (Anon, 2010). The total impacts of environmental change fuel food and water frailty, loss of biodiversity and biological system, ecological corruption and human uncertainty through social clash, political clash and savagery in the influenced creating nations (Adger and Kelly, 1999). Henceforth, the financial structures are sabotaged in these nations where the influenced individuals are constrained to switch over occupations for job. These are the individuals who can no longer guarantee a made sure about employment in their starting point of staying (Mayers, 2002). Along with environmental change impacts, populace pressure issue and in-your-face destitution have initiated a remarkable change in the entire monetary structure of these nations. Therefore, these nations are experienced incessant financial imbalance and social unsteadiness (Barnett, 2007). Bangladesh frequently makes top news everywhere throughout the world. Nonetheless, in contrast to most different nations, it isn't a direct result of governmental issues however for destroying regular fiascoes causing tremendous losses of life and enormous demolition. This South Asian LDC, since her autonomy in 1971, has been battling with various financial and socio-political issues, for example, quick populace development, neediness, ignorance, sex divergence, slow monetary development, institutional idleness, political insecurity, brutality, etc. Yet, from most recent two decades she began battling with another issue the antagonistic impacts of environmental change as cataclysmic events (Miliband, 2009). In the course of the most recent two decades these catastrophes have become normal marvels contributed hopeless enduring to a large number of occupants who are helpless against the climatic stuns (GoB, 2005). As such, atmosphere hazard for Bangladesh is moderately higher than most different nations of the world. The Global Climate Risk Index arranged by Germanwatch shows that Bangladesh is at top of the positioning of most influenced nations by climatic extraordinary occasions in the course of the most recent two decades. Table 1.1 shows the general positioning made by Germanwatch. Table 1.1 Long term Climate Risk Index (CRI) for most influenced nations for period 1990-2008 CRI 1990-2008 Nation CRI Score Demise toll* Passings/thousand* Absolute looses in million US$ PPP* Misfortunes per GDP in %* 1 Bangladesh 8.00 8,241 6.27 2,189 1.81 2 Myanmar 8.25 4,522 9.60 707 2.55 3 Honduras 12.00 340 5.56 660 3.37 4 Vietnam 18.83 466 0.64 1,525 1.31 5 Nicaragua 21.00 164 3.37 211 2.03 6 Haiti 22.83 335 4.58 95 1.08 7 India 25.83 3,255 0.33 6,132 0.38 8 Dominican Republic 27.58 222 2.93 191 0.45 9 Philippines 27.67 799 1.11 544 0.30 10 China 28.58 2,023 0.17 25,961 0.78 * Annual Source: Germanwatch, 2010 that the most well-known debacles are flood and violent wind. Late IPCC appraisal reports (TAR, 2001 and AR4, 2007) likewise uncover that in the course of the most recent two decades both of the previously mentioned fiasco occasions have gotten increasingly visit and destroying for Bangladesh. It is found out from IPCC reports that 5-10% speed up is very likOn premise of previously mentioned table, it is anything but difficult to capture why Bangladesh was refered to various events in COP15 held in Copenhagen in 2009. At present this nation is bound to uncovered towards climatic outrageous occasions than a large portion of the nations on the planet (UNFCCC, 2009). These occasions, in type of cataclysmic events extend from attacking twisters to annihilating floods (Muhammad, 2007). Following Table 1.2 gives a general thought on most destroying fiascos happened in Bangladesh since mid twentieth century. This table shows Table 1.2 Disaster-sign in Bangladesh since mid 1900s Debacles Time Debacles Time Pestilence 1918 Violent wind 24-5-1985 Dry season 1943 Flood 22-7-1987 Violent wind October 1942 Flood August 1987 Typhoon 28-5-1963 Flood June 1988 Typhoon May 1965 Typhoon 29-4-1991 Typhoon June 1965 Typhoon 15-5-1995 Flood July 1968 Flood 5-7-1998 Typhoon 12-11-1970 Flood September 2000 Flood July 1974 Flood 20-6-2004 Dry spell July 1983 Typhoon 15-11-2007 Flood May 1984 Typhoon 27-05-2009 Source: EMDAT likely during the typhoon season in Bangladesh that would inevitably upgrade storm flood and seaside flooding, while 10-20% increments of wind force can cause floods both in coast and inlands as the tornado makes land fall (Agarwala, 2003). It has been evaluated that an expansion of 2â ° C temperature and a 0.3 m ocean level ascent would cause a violent wind in the costal belt of Bangladesh as solid as tornado of 1991; besides, such a typhoon is probably going to bring about a 1.5 m higher tempest flood that may immerse 20% more land than 1991 twister (Ali, 1996). The latest case of costal twister as conceivable impact of environmental change is SIDR which battered the seaside belt in Bangladesh on fifteenth November 2007. The breeze speed was around 220 to 240 km/hour and in any event 3,113 individuals were known dead and more than 10,000 were feeling the loss of; the harm because of this calamity had been around US$ 2.3 million (EMDAT, 2009). The power of SIDR was at the very leas t the 1991 twister in some piece of the seaside territories and the effect was significantly more than that. Moreover, on 27th May 2009, another overwhelming typhoon named AILA hit the South-western piece of Bangladesh and West Bengal of India, which exacerbated the languishing over the influenced individuals in Bangladesh; albeit an early admonition framework empowered the clearing of an expected 2.7 million individuals to higher ground and tornado cover houses (BBC, 2009). It is anticipated that a solitary meter ascent of ocean level would immerse over 18% of the beach front belt and will influence 11% of the complete countrys populace. Two-third of the entire nation is just 10 m over the ocean level; along these lines, around 13 million of the absolute populace may liable to be destitute and become ecological displaced people as the survivor of atmosphere evolving process (Huq et al, 1999). Khulna and Barisal, the costal divisions of Bangladesh are generally calamity inclined, wh ere about 3.2 million individuals are in danger and around one-eighth of the countrys rural terrains and in excess of 8,000 correspondence systems are probably going to be influenced because of environmental change impacts (Parvin, 2010). 1.2 Statement of the issue Around 33% of the domain of Bangladesh is delimited as beach front regions which are joined of unmistakable chances, broadened dangers and vulnerabilities (HarunOrRashid, 2009). It is on the grounds that seaside zones have diverse geo-physical and natural qualities that recognize the waterfront zone from rest of the nation. These particular attributes are exchange of tidal system, saltiness in soil and water, tornado and tempest flood; with financial and social ramifications on the populace (PDO-ICZMP, 2003). Henceforth, such indistinguishable geo-physical example has presented a totally unique occupation design, where individuals are engaged with chosen beach front financial exercises like angling, salt creation, fry assortment from the ocean and asset assortment from the contiguous mangrove woodland (Ahmed, 2003, Islam, 2004). In spite of the fact that the beach front regions are substantially more prolific land for horticultural creation, these regions are moderately pay poor contrasted with the remainder of the nation. Normal per capita GDP (at current market cost) in the beach front zone was US$ 402 of every 2008, contrasted with US$ 621 for the entire nation all things considered (GoB, 2009; CDP, 2009). There are ten distinctive ethnic networks living in the waterfront zones and they have total various societies and occupation designs. Alongside the nontribal individuals, those ethnic networks totally rely upon the waterfront regular assets for their occupation (Kamal, 2001). Their hopelessness and dream, predicament and battle, helplessness and versatility are remarkably spun round in a complex natural and social setting which make their jobs unmistakable from different pieces of the nation to a significant degree. The Government of Bangladesh has just perceived seaside zone as territories of colossal possibilities. Interestingly, these zones are falling behind in financial turn of events and defenseless against various cataclysmic events and natural debasement (Sevaraju, 2006). For a LDC like Bangladesh where the environmental change takes a state of catastrophic event not just influences the financial state of beach front networks yet in addition frustrates acquiring an ideal GDP development (ADPC, 2007). Environmental change represents a huge danger for Bangladesh, especially the anticipated environmental change impacts incorporate ocean level ascent, higher temperature, improved rainstorm precipitation and run-off

Retrospective

Retrospective When I walked out of my last final, all I felt was a huge sensation of relief. I kept thinking Thank God its over and Ive waited forever for this day to come, for this year to end. But now, a large part of me really wishes I were still a freshman and not a sophomore. It feels strange to no longer be among the babies of the school, to be replaced by the 14s, and to hear about prospective 15s, not to mention a few ambitious 18s =P I could describe this past year simply as a learning experience, but that doesnt do any justice to the individual ups and downs Ive been through this past year. So instead, Im going to start at the very beginning of freshman year and run through it all :) ~*~ Part I: Pre-Orientation Several of you 14s are looking into FPOPs (Freshman Pre-Orientation Programs) right now, and some of you might even be done filling out your apps. For those of you who havent applied already, I strongly recommend that you do! The FPOP that I did was DUSP (Discover Urban Studies and Planning haha, yeah, I know too many acronyms), which was essentially a three-day exploration of Boston. My first choice FPOP was actually DBCS (Discover Brain and Cognitive Sciences) but DUSP ended up being a lot of fun! My favorite part was when we went to the very top of the Prudential Center and got to look out on the entire city: Fenway Park I love Boston Part II: Orientation Following pre-orientation was, of course, orientation. Our theme was Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory, and we had three wonderful Orientation Coordinators: Orientation was basically a more laid-back version of CPW, with just as much fun but a little more time to enjoy everything. A couple of my friends and I got to go apple-picking: And enjoy views like this: Part III: Fall Semester One of the most memorable events in 18.02 (Multivariable Calculus) took place the day just before our first midterm (photo credit to Carin 13): The midterm will be unlike the homework in that the problems will be solvable thanks, Professor! :) To be fair, he wasnt kidding; the midterms were significantly more doable than the problem sets, which often took me a few days and some visits to TAs office hours. 5.112 (Principles of Chem) problem sets tended to take a little less time and 8.01 (Physics I) didnt assign problem sets at all. That might have been a bad thing though, since the class average on our 8.01 final exam was around a 50heh. First semester, many of us did our homework in groups before we figured out that we ended up taking more study breaks than actually doing work, haha: Photo Booth = Awesome Study Break: Hear No Evil, See No Evil, Speak No Evil! Oh and we got to see a real Nobel Prize: And have some fun with garba at Milan, an event organized by MIT SAAS (South Asian American Society): It was with deep sadness that I bid farewell to first semester and the safety net that is Pass/No Record :( Part IV: Winter Break + IAP I spent some time during winter break, wandering about Disney World and repping MIT with my hoodie: On the Kali River Rapids, in Disneys Animal Kingdom And then proceeded to return to MIT for my EMT class, from which was born the following photo: And the following birthday surprise: And the following adaptation of Taylor Swifts Love Story: Despite the long classroom hours, choosing to take the IAP EMT class was one of the best decisions Ive made in my life. Also were getting a new stretcher! And itll have a button to lower/lift it! Which means my biceps and triceps wont fail me anymore! YAY! Yes, Im excited in case you couldnt tell. Part V: Spring Semester While much of this semester was cold, some warm weather eventually came our way, and we took full advantage of it. There was Holi the Indian festival of colors: And classes that took place outside: And chairs that somehow found their way to the top of Kresge Auditorium: And all of this was mixed in with some good old organic chemistry, complete with Mv?bius strips Ive come to know and love: The birth of a Mv?bius strip right before our very eyes! I actually think 5.12 (Organic Chemistry) and not 21W.755 (Reading and Writing Short Stories), as I wrote in a previous entry was my most enjoyable class this past semester. Not the least because there was a 5.12 poetry competition, from which one of my favorite excerpts is the following, from We Didnt Start Reactions (inspired by Billy Joels We Didnt Start the Fire) by Maita 13. (Warning: some knowledge of organic chemistry may be required): P-sets twenty pages long, my carbon count is all wrong Nanobeaver, Newman, retroanalysis Solvents, selectivity, prediction of stability Mechanisms, structures, design a synthesis Curved arrows, enantiomers, draw all the isomers Transition state, conjugate, gauche, anti, mesylate Enols can tautomerize, radicals polymerize Who won that Nobel Prize? It’s all too much to memorize! :D Part VI: Post-Finals Euphoria and Home ‚ô• When finals ended, it was liberating but also surreal to be done, to pack, and to see my once-full room like this: And now, Im at home loving summer, missing MIT people, and getting ready to go to Germany (more on that later :D )

Security and Loss Prevention Plan - 1423 Words

Security and Loss Prevention Plan Ramona Jalba Security and Loss Prevention †¢ Initial concerns and concepts relating to security: 1. Recent history; 2. General areas the program will consider; 3. Legal requirements associated with protecting guests and property; 4. Elements involved in setting up a security and loss prevention program. Security and Loss Prevention †¢ Security equipment and procedures as they relate to physical security, internal control and the overall protection of guests and assets. †¢ Protection of funds trough effective accounting control procedures ( credit procedures, computer security). Security and Loss Prevention †¢ Emergency management- Case Study: -important procedures for handling emergency†¦show more content†¦Motorized Zoom Lens. Sprinkler Alarms. Video Door Phones. Voice Recorder †¢ The Electronic Detectorsis made up of three main parts: the transmitter, which projects a beam of infra-red light, the receiver, which registers the light and produces an electrical signal, and the interface, which processes the signal and generates alarm or fault signals. †¢ The transmitter and receiver are designed to be fitted on opposite walls approximately 300mm to 600mm below the ceiling. They can protect areas up to 100m long and 15m wide. †¢ If it is difficult to fit the transmitter and the receiver to opposite walls, they can also be fitted in retro mode, ie, adjacent to each other on the same wall. One or more reflectors need to be fitted to the opposite wall to reflect the beam from the transmitter to the receiver. Attendance Recorder - an ideal device to record employee attendance, restrict unwanted employee movements and prevent unauthorized entrants.Employee simply touches a tiny steel token to the sensor. Upon successful verification of id number, time zone and other data, the id number with date and time is stored as a record with a beep and visual indication. Security and Loss Prevention †¢ †¢ Corporate Security : Ensuring business continuity for our corporate clients, we possess thorough expertise in security audits and survey of premises Fire Fighting Security : Fire Fighting is an important aspect to look for, it involves scale andShow MoreRelatedEssay on Public Policing Versus Private Security1451 Words   |  6 PagesPolicing Versus Private Security Peter g. CJA/500 January 30, 2011 Patrick Cote Public Policing Versus Private Security The existence of security in the world brought happiness to mankind because men choose pleasure over pain (Ortmeier, 2008, p. 4.).However, without some measures of security man would not live in peace and the war of all against all (crime) would inundate the entire world. 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Miscibility of Fluids in Chemistry

If you add 50 mL of water to 50 mL of water you get 100 mL of water. Similarly, if you add 50 mL of ethanol (alcohol) to 50 mL of ethanol you get 100 mL of ethanol. But, if you mix 50 mL of water and 50 mL of ethanol you get approximately 96 mL of liquid, not 100 mL. Why? The answer has to do with the different sizes of the water and ethanol molecules. Ethanol molecules are smaller than water molecules, so when the two liquids are mixed together the ethanol falls between the spaces left by the water. Its similar to what happens when you mix a liter of sand and a liter of rocks. You get less than two liters total volume because the sand fell between the rocks, right? Think of miscibility as mixability and its easy to remember. Fluid volumes (liquids and gasses) arent necessarily additive. Intermolecular forces (hydrogen bonding, London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces) also play their part in miscibility, but thats another story.

Article Summary Why Did the Bank of Canada Emerge in 1935 Free Essays

Wednesday, October 5, 2011 HIST 113: Article Summary: Why did the Bank of Canada Emerge in 1935? The article, Why did the Bank of Canada Emerge in 1935, written by Micheal Bordo and Angela Redish, discusses the creation of the Bank of Canada in 1935. In a time where other westernized countries had already existing central banking systems, this article questions why the Bank of Canada emerged in 1935, and the authors question why it even emerged at all. The article looks at three major reasons for the creation of the Bank of Canada. We will write a custom essay sample on Article Summary: Why Did the Bank of Canada Emerge in 1935? or any similar topic only for you Order Now It emerged because it was just another process in the evolution of the banking system; it was a substitute for the Gold Standard, and that political pressures/influences that surrounded it. The authors attempt to disprove the first two reasons, contrary to what many economists have claimed as reasons for the creation of a central bank in Canada, and offer evidence to support the claim that the Bank of Canada emerged due to political pressures. ?First, economists have assumed that the Bank of Canada came about in 1935 due the evolutionary process of the banking system. In many countries, a central bank is considered a â€Å"lender of last resort† to provide aid to citizens in times of liquidity crises and financial difficulty, enhancing a sense of control and balances of risks. The authors ague that this is not an acceptable argument, since the Bank of Canada rather came about as a favor to government. During the 1900’s, Canada had various banking institutions, with the Bank of Montreal being one in particular. It was able to fulfill some of the duties that a central bank would normally do. In addition, the concept of nationwide banking minimized the impact that liquidity and uncertainty had on consumer confidence and risks of crises. As a result, the emergence of the Bank of Canada was not influenced by its natural process of evolution, since institutions and services existed that fulfilled some of the responsibilities that a central bank would have. ? The second reason attributed to the emergence of the Bank of Canada was that it served as an important service to maintain convertibility to the gold standard. With the removal of the gold standard in Canada, the Bank of Canada would serve as an anchor to the money supply, the price level, and the exchange rate in its absence. With this in mind, a central bank with the ability to control money supply would yield differences in the way prices behaved without a central bank; therefore, data would reveal fluctuations in regression residuals for the time period near 1935, when the Bank of Canada emerged. However, empirical time-series data, looking back from 1920 to 1940, shows that macroeconomic variables were affected very little. In fact, any time eras where there are fluctuations in the data can be attributed to other events and circumstances. The third reason attributing for the emergence of the Bank of Canada was due to political forces that acted upon it. Due to the effect of the Great Depression, trust in the traditional market was decreased on domestic level. Citizens had less faith in traditional market system mechanisms and this left a requirement for the government to provide institutions and services. Pressures from the influence of the global community pushed for the emergence of a central bank because international monetary cooperation was said to be dependent on the existence of Central Banks. In addition, due to Canada’s recent independence from Britain in 1931, the emergence of the bank was a part of a general program to create more sovereign institutions to help Canada create its own identity. A banking system, where decisions regarding money supply were made independently by Canada, was something that emphasized sovereignty. How to cite Article Summary: Why Did the Bank of Canada Emerge in 1935?, Essay examples

Homophobia and Hate Crimes as a Result Essay Example For Students

Homophobia and Hate Crimes as a Result Essay There are many definitions of gender in society today, and there are many reasons for these different definitions. To every person gender may have a different meaning depending on personal experiences or depending on how they choose to view it. I tend to lean towards the more typical definition of gender. I see gender as a way of categorizing people by their actions and or physical appearance. Gender is an issue brought up a lot in todays society, and has been an issue for many years. Issues such as whether or not women can do the same jobs as well as men, or whether or not women are as smart as men comes up a lot in discussions about gender. In my opinion anyone can do anything they set their minds to whether they be male or female. It is obvious that men and women are different physically, but there is no scientific evidence that says that men are smarter or more superior than women in anyway. This image of women being inferior is slowly disappearing and will hopefully someday be non-existent. I am a very sensitive person and people may attribute that to me being of the female gender, but in reality it doesnt have to be that way. People are branded as feminine or masculine by their actions, their emotions, and their physical traits. People are branded as feminine or masculine by their actions, their emotions, and their physical traits. I find myself defining gender along with society. I myself have stated many times how for instance, women body builders have very masculine builds. I have also made many other similar comments conforming to the way society stereotypes femininity and masculinity. I have never sat back and tried to think of what it would be like if women typically were very muscular like a bodybuilder. Would the bodybuilding men be considered very feminine looking? Society stereotypes people in this way because it is a way to categorize and define people. By saying a woman is masculine it is insinuating that their physical build is not that of the typical female. Societys typical female is definitely evolving, and has come along way but has a long way to go still. Femininity to me is a way to state that a female is very old fashioned. If someone said to me, she looks so girlie my first thought would be the girl in question is wearing some little pink dress with lace or something frilly. I think this, because I dont think of a modern woman when someone refers to someone as feminine. I also usually think of femininity as a way to describe someone is wearing or how they are acting. A very feminine person to me would be very reserved with very old-fashioned morals, and I may refer to someone of that description as being girlie as well. So, in my opinion if someone said that I was a girlie person. I wouldnt take it as a complement because it really isnt the ideal definition for a woman of the new millenium. And as a woman I see this as a step in the right direction, it shows how much we have grown throughout history. We as women have become a more important role in society, and we can now say being weak and quiet is a stereotype of the past. We should be proud to say we are changing for the times rather than being insulted when we are associated with the female of the past. On the contrary men are proud of how they were the rulers of the house and the decision-makers in the community. Therefore to men being considered masculine generally isnt taken offensively. I view masculinity as a very domineering and strong trait, both physically and emotionally. Physical traits often included in the societys brand of masculinity are, large, powerful, and muscular. Seeing someone as masculine in my mind is not insinuating anything bad about that person, though it is not uncommon for people to link together being masculine with being very rowdy or unruly. For the most part masculinity and femininity are used to describe physical attributes rather than anything else. .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e , .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e .postImageUrl , .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e , .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e:hover , .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e:visited , .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e:active { border:0!important; } .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e:active , .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua8620c6578b3849b6d3314471d08d23e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Who really was Pocahontas? Was she like the Indian Essay Unlike how it was in the past, where as .

Adults and children essayEssay Writing Service

Adults and children essayEssay Writing Service Adults and children essay Adults and children essayMany adults become upset when young people break with traditions of the past. Some of them become upset, others become angry, while there are adults who start to swear hard. Their reaction may be different in different situations. Undoubtedly, these adults cannot be justified in reacting this way for a number of reasons.First, adults should not think only about their own beliefs, values and experiences that affect their lifestyle. Young people should be given an opportunity to develop their own traditions, which are consistent with their lifestyles. For example, young people love new trends in music. They should not be forbidden to listen to the music they love. Adults’ preferences in music are different. If there is a tradition in the family to listen to classical music, adults have no right to insist on holding this tradition by the younger generation.Second, adults should not have a powerful influence on young people’s opinions. It is necessa ry to take into consideration that the times are changing. There is a saying: â€Å"you either break tradition, or the tradition will break you†. Adults should not allow young people to become the victims of old traditions. Adults should adjust to changes in life because life is changing constantly. In other words, adults should make concrete adjustments according to the times they live in. For example, there is a family tradition to spend Christmas Eve at home. However, young people prefer to spend this holiday together. Adults should not interfere because of the changing times.Thus, it is necessary to conclude that there is much evidence from the experiences of people regarding the inappropriateness of adults’ behavior and reaction when young people break with traditions of the past. Many young people have acquired traditions from previous generations and continue to hold these traditions, without any knowledge of their meaning. Adults should adjust to the changing t imes and allow young people to develop their own traditions.

4 interview mistakes youre making in the first ten minutes

4 interview mistakes youre making in the first ten minutes By: Biron Clark Most employers spend days or even weeks deciding if they want to hire you, but it only takes them a few seconds to rule you out. As an Executive Recruiter, I’ve seen first-hand some crucial missteps from interviewees that have cost them the job.Here are four overlooked interview mistakes that are costing you job offers in the first 10 minutes of your interview.You’re trying to decide mid-interview if you want the jobYou should have one goal in your interview – sell yourself and get invited to the next round in the process. Here’s where many job seekers go wrong: They start trying to decide if they want the job while also trying to sell them self and impress the interviewer.You can gather facts and ask questions to find out about the role (in fact you absolutely should), but never try to decide mid-interview if you’re interested or not. You’ll be distracted and won’t sell yourself as effectively.I’ve seen this hap pen over and over as a Recruiter with the people I’ve coached and helped.For example, you might hear something that worries you about the job, and your energy level will drop. You might stop trying to impress them. Later in the interview, you might hear  a few great things and decide you are interested, but it’s too late – you didn’t seem excited about most of the interview and they’re not going to invite you to continue.It’s better to get invited to continue interviewing at companies you’re not interested in than lose a single job offer you wanted because of this mistake. Wait until you’re home to decide whether you are interested in their job.You don’t seem confidentPeople gather a first impression visually before anything else. Within the first one or two seconds of seeing you, the interviewer is judging you – even if they don’t realize it. By the time you’ve followed them down the hallway and s at down with them, they’ve already gathered a strong impression of you – whether it’s positive or negative.This is the importance of a good handshake, posture and overall body language.This isn’t something you can turn on-and-off at will; especially when you’re tense and nervous in an interview. So start thinking about body language in everyday conversations to prepare for your interviews. Try to keep your shoulders back and your head up straight. When you sit down, avoid tapping your hands or feet or doing anything else that will distract the interviewer. Practice maintaining eye contact before your interview too, especially while talking (most people find it easy to hold eye contact while listening, but much more difficult while talking).Finally, make sure to show confidence in your abilities and your expertise when answering their questions.You’re the expert in your field of work. If not, why would they hire you?So show them you have grea t ideas to contribute and are ready to make an impact and use what you know to help them. This is what top employers look for.You’re worrying if the interviewer likes you or notPeople ask me all the time, â€Å"how will I know if my interview is going well?† Here’s what I tell them: Don’t try.Always assume it’s going well and the company is interested in you. If you start to worry, you’ll lose confidence and then you will do badly (even if you were doing fine before). Some interviewers are friendly to everyone, even if they have no interest in hiring you. Other interviewers show little or no emotion even if they think you’re the perfect fit for them.So stop worrying, and just assume you’re giving great answers from start to finish. It’ll be one less thing to worry about and will make your answers come out better.You didn’t ask enough questionsNow, you might be thinking, â€Å"hold on, Biron. I thought this articl e was about the first 10 minutes of the interview. I’m supposed to ask my questions at the end, right?†That’s correct, but you should also ask questions throughout the interview.Asking questions and gathering information shows them you’re confident in your ability to find a job, and picky about which employer you choose to work for (both good things!) So you want to mix questions into the conversation naturally, rather than waiting for them to invite you to do it. The simplest way to do this is to end some of your answers with a question directed back at them.Here’s an example of how this might look:Interviewer: â€Å"Why do you think you’re a good fit for this job?†You: â€Å"Well, my biggest strength is in financial reporting, and from the job description, it seems like that’s an area you need help with right now. Is that right? And if so, can you tell me a little more about the team’s needs?†Interviewer: â€Å" Yes, that’s right. Our biggest expert just retired and we don’t have enough people to do the work. We also need to make our reporting processes far more efficient.†You: â€Å"Very interesting! My last company actually had a pretty inefficient reporting process when I joined three years ago and I worked with them to improve it. Do you have a sense of where the process can be improved most?†This creates a natural dialogue where you can share your knowledge and start to be seen as an expert. You don’t need to do this with every question, but try to do it once within the first 10 minutes, and two or three times in each interview.If you follow the advice above, you’ll stick in employers’ minds and make them much more likely to hire you.  About the author: Biron is a career advice author, Founder of CareerSidekick.com, and former Executive Recruiter for more than 40 companies, including venture-funded tech startups  and Fortune 500 compa nies across the US and Europe.

Analysis of a poem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis of a poem - Essay Example Even the title is misleading, as the poem is not a love song in the typical meaning of the genre. The narrator is J. Alfred Prufrock. It is clear that he is addressing his love. At the same time, Prufrock devotes more time to introspection, and dream-like imagery than to his love. The tense of the poem is continuously changing, with the past, present and future merging into one narrative. â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† demonstrates Prufrock’s aspiration to declare his love, his fear of rejection and his deep regret over his lost opportunity. (Thesis). â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† begins on a note of aspiration as the narrator adopts the hopeful tone of the traditional suitor. He invites his love to a romantic walk, telling her, â€Å"Let us go then, you and I, / When the evening is spread out against the sky† (7/8). As the poem winds its way through different paths, the narrator returns at intervals to the subject of his love. Thi s love for the woman he addresses in the poem is demonstrated in the form of references to her arms, as seen under the light of the evening lamps, or as the fragrance of the perfume she wears on her dress: â€Å"Arms that are braceleted and white and bare/ (But in the lamplight, downed with light brown hair!)/ Is it perfume from a dress/ That makes me so digress?† (68-71). ... He sees himself as an outsider who is superficially in the company of the woman he addresses but not a vital part of her life. He is always outside the lively music which others hear. He professes his intention to the reader, saying that he wants to ask the lady something significant: â€Å"To lead you to an overwhelming question...† (16). However, Prufrock fears to declare his intentions. Although he constantly refers to his desire to declare his feelings to the woman he addresses, Prufrock remains indecisive, fearing rejection. He keeps procrastinating and insists that there is â€Å"Time for you and time for me, / And time yet for a hundred indecisions,† (37/38). It soon becomes clear to the reader that the reason for this indecisiveness is Prufrock’s fear of rejection. He fears that he will be subject to close examination and made to feel like a biological specimen. He is tortured by doubts as to the correct approach, and repeatedly wonders, â€Å"And should I then presume? / And how should I begin?† (74/75). He cannot summon up the courage to dare address the woman. He ascends and descends the stairs, fears to upset the status quo and remains in suspended animation. In fact, in a very revealing picture of vulnerability, Prufrock compares himself to a crab, saying â€Å"I should have been a pair of ragged claws / Scuttling across the floors of silent seas† (79/80). He is afraid to expose his feelings, fearing rejection. His confidence is further undermined by his fear that he may have misinterpreted the woman’s signals of love. What if she should say: â€Å"That is not what I meant at all; / That is not it, at all.† (109/110). In all this procrastination, the opportunity to declare his love slips by and is

Transnational Strategy of Levi Strauss Coursework

Transnational Strategy of Levi Strauss - Coursework Example Since Levis is considered a status symbol and commands a premium from European and Asian consumers, wherein the U.S. its status has been eroded by the competitors like Calvin Klein and Ralph Lauren, it motivates Levis to sell its products in the global market. Levis also has to customize its offering as per local taste as different markets have varied needs in terms of size, color etc i.e. achieve national responsiveness and also has to take advantage of low-cost raw material, production facilities where ever they are available i.e. global integration. A transnational strategy seeks to achieve high levels of both national responsiveness and global integration simultaneously by overcoming the tradeoff between the conflicting demands of the two pressures (Bartlett and Ghoshal, 1991). Thus Levis has employed the transnational strategy by allowing its foreign subsidiaries to customize the jeans as per local taste with variety of colors and sizes for greater local/national responsiveness - achieving external flexibility and keeping the production facility centralized, at the most cost-effective places, procuring the raw material from the cheapest suppliers and supplying them throughout and transferring of learning from one market to other markets ensures global integration - the internal efficiency. For example, marketing knowledge learned on Decker’s in the U.S. was transferred to Europe. An organization’s structure is determined by the strategy it pursues. Levis follows a transnational strategy to achieve its goals, which requires a strategic combination of global standardization and local customization i.e. dynamic flexibility. The centralization/decentralization required by a firm depends on demand for global integration and local responsiveness.  

Advantages Renewable Energy Resources Environmental Sciences Essay

Advantages Renewable Energy Resources Environmental Sciences Essay Together with the rapid growth of the world population, the limited ability to supply of non-renewable leads to energy demand on a rise especially in developing countries. This situation results in the risk of depletion of cheap fossil energy and environmental pollution as well as climate change. According to Loir, there will probably be sufficient oil and gas for this century, and coal for 2 or more (Loir .N 2007, p.843). Or Edwin Cartlidge reports the annual total consumption of energy sources by the world population is about 1.41017 kWh, of which the proportion of the fossil energy has accounted for 90% of the energy sources used (Physics World 7/2007). Therefore, researchers around the world have been constantly trying to find solutions to diversify energy sources and reduce harmful emissions and greenhouse emissions into the environment and renewable energy sources have taken the spotlight. Thus, what is the renewable energy? The Oxford Dictionary (2000) defines renewable energy as natural energy that can be used again and again and will never run out. There are four major types of renewable energy: solar, hydro, wind and geothermal energy. This paper will discuss advantages and disadvantages that renewable energy resource (RES) brings, as well as analysis the importance of RES to the worlds future. 2. Discussion of findings 2.1 Advantages of renewable energy resources The use of renewable energy has many potential benefits, including human beings and environment. Firstly, renewable is one of the most important  advantages of renewable energy. Essence of RES is derivation from natural processes so the energy is sustainable and never run out. Truly, renewable energy is really important and necessary to human beings when fossil fuels are more and more exhausted. With the never-ending supply of renewables, we would feel secure when having abundant supply of energy to last our planet, our human race and our economies, for generations and ever. Khemani (2011) says: As long as human life is there, there will be earth, sun, wind and water, and the energy from these sources will also be available as long as they are there. With the abundance from many renewable resources and development of science and technology, he strongly believes that renewable energy can meet the worlds energy needs today and tomorrow. Besides, one of the greatest alternative energy benefits is that it is so much better for environment than the use of  fossil fuels that contribute heavily to issues such as acid rain, smog and global warming. On the contrary, renewable energy has little or no waste products such as carbon dioxide or other chemical pollutants. Renewable energy systems produce much lower carbon dioxide emissions as opposed to carbon-intensive fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas while they are being used only a small amount of fuel during the manufacturing of equipment (Walser 2012). With renewable energies, energy is usually converted from one form to another without the creation of pollutants. Chandler (2006) takes solar energy an example, light energy from the sun can be converted directly to electricity using photovoltaic without the production of any pollutants like carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gasses. Similarly, wind power energy relies on moving air and converts it into electr icity without polluting the environment. Therefore, it is obvious that the non-pollution or minimal impacts on environment are the positive advantages of renewable energy. Thirdly, another benefit of renewable energy is a diversified energy mix (Pasolini 2012). It is an important and necessary supplement for global energy security while fossil fuel sources are more and more running out. In some circumstances, renewable energy can be more reliable than other forms of electricity. For example, if the grid gets breakdowns, renewable energy technologies such as generators powered by photovoltaics (PV) can supply electricity automatically. Efficient storage media such as batteries and fuel cells are keys for a renewable-powered grid.   If battery storage is added to the system, it can supply electricity even after the sun goes down or through several cloudy or stormy days (Pasolini 2012). Finally, renewable energy not only is regarded as an unlimited resource but also plays an important role to regional development. Renewable energy and energy efficiency can help revitalize rural communities (Parker 2010). For example, wind turbines or solar panel systems can provide energy and provide rural communities with new tax revenue. Farmers on windy lands can lease space to wind developers, earning thousands of dollars for each turbine every year. 2.2 Disadvantages of renewable energy resources Although it is obvious to recognize the human as well as environmental advantages of utilizing renewable forms of energy, we must also consider some limiting sides from the energy. The biggest disadvantage of renewable energy is that the cost of the energy is relatively higher than non-renewable energy. The initial costs of renewable energy still make many people ignore it completely when comparing it with fossil fuel on two aspects: total cost and over the same time period. For example, installation of solar energy water heater costs many times in comparison with a heater, so they decided to buy heaters for hot water solution. According Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC) (2008) reported that turbine installation costs $ 47.5 billion; by contrast, we only have to spend a much smaller amount of money to build thermal power station about $ 2,25 billion (Shah 2011). He also pointed that other incidental costs such as maintenance costs and production costs cause price increasing. Generally, it is price that the reason has prevented approaching and using clean energy as compared to the fossil fuel sources of energy. Another distinct disadvantage is relying too much on weather conditions and geographic locations to create energy (Sinclair 2011). Each types of renewable sources is just better suited to some places. This means that you cannot use each of these renewable sources in all locations. For instance, when using geo-thermal energy, you must be in a location that provides the environment for geo-thermal energy to be produced. Likewise, we cannot generate hydro-electric power without having a fast-flowing water source, such as a river or waterfall. In addition, the energy also brings some inconvenient problems. Take solar energy water heater as an example, it is inefficient because in summer ambient temperature are high and the use of hot water is not needed; however, in the winter we could not have hot water due to low light of the sun. In addition, Shah (2011) claimed that despite the fact that most renewable energy sources are more environmentally friendly they may still have a negative impact on the environment. He stated that hydroelectricity projects can cause a dramatic change in the development of wildlife and ecosystem along the river and flood risks. 2.3 Can renewable energy supply the Worlds energy needs? With the significant benefits from renewable energy, we cant deny that roles of it are more and more important. According to Pulsinelli (2012), despite the world economic crisis, China spent $52 billion on renewable energy in 2011 and the United States was close behind with investments of $51 billion. At present, renewable energy contributes about 20% in electricity consumed worldwide (Perkowski 2012). It is evident that the two nations, which took the head in renewable energy investment, have known thoroughly out the importance of renewable energy. Nowadays, by advances and achievements of science and technology scientists are having every confidence in bright future of renewable energy. According to the report of The  Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2011, renewable sources occupied about 13 percent of the worlds energy in 2008 and the proportion likely to have risen. The report also point out that within four decades renewable energy  could account for almos t 80% of the worlds  energy supply. The statistics are completely appeared in the near future if we combine four main alternative resources and use hydroelectric to fill in gaps, which makes easier to match demand. The most important thing is to combine renewable energy sources into a bundle (cited in Bergeron 2011). Particularly, in research (Edenhofer et al. 2011) shows that by 2050, geothermal energy could meet more than 3 percent of global electricity demand and about 5 percent of the global heat demand, hydropower will contribute about 30 percent of worldwide electricity supply, wind power will grow to more than 20 percent and solar energy becomes one of the major sources of energy supply with about 15 percent. 3. Conclusion From all finding above, it is clear that renewable energy plays a role more important with every passing day to both human beings and environment. By abundance renewable energy is becoming an important solution to the worlds energy need. Besides, renewable energy also brings many positive impacts to protecting environment, diminishing effects of global warming or pollutions. Despite some drawbacks of the energy, there are also reasons to believe the problems will be solved soon thanks to strong investment of government and efforts scientists. The exploiting and converting from traditional sources into renewable energy resources is a favorable turning-point to us. The future is indeed bright and will be lit by alternative energy.

SPSS Computer Project

Blue Marketing research is conducting an experiment with the patients of the Midwest University Medical Hospital. The goal of this experiment is to find out if the residents of Midwest University Medical Hospital are happy with their service, and to judge whether or not the current state of customer service is affecting the amount of residents that reside at the hospital. The experiment will consist of a survey questionnaire administered to a random assortment of patients within the hospital. The patients will be questioned about the overall quality of the hospital, the intention to return and see the same doctor, the intention to recommend friends and family, the intention to compliment management, the intention to complain about service, the intention to seek other health care services, and the intention to not use any provider. The respondents were asked to rate the likelihood of each future behavior based on a 1-7 scale, 1 being â€Å"would not†, 7 being â€Å"definitely would†. A summary of the data collected is show below.Windows 7 Check Your Understanding From this summary of data we are able to make recommendations for the hospital to improve quality and service. Summary of Findings Overall quality is rated as poor. Most people intend to return to the same doctor. Most people intend to recommend this hospital to family and friends and few will complain to them. Many people intend to complain to management, but few to hospital management. Very few intend to complain to local medical society. Very few intend to seek similar care elsewhere. Few intend not to use any provider. About half discussed their visit, afterwards. Most aspects of perceived service were about neutral. There was an outlier in the perceived service section: the customers were clearly unhappy with the operating hours. Difference between male and female responses After collecting all of the surveys, we have found that both men and women rate the overall quality about the same. Both men and women are likely to return, and recommend family and friends. We found that women are more likely to compliment management, men complain to hospital management, and men were more likely to complain to hospital management. Women are more likely to seek help elsewhere, and men are more likely to use to healthcare at all. Both genders thought that the facilities were appealing, and women thought that the equipment was up to date more than men. Women felt that the employees were better dressed, more than men. Women rated the in keeping with service better than men, along with promise and do it. More women thought that the provider was sympathetic, and men were more likely to believe that the hospital was dependable. Men were happier with the time in which services were held compared to the time they were promised, and women were happier with the way records were kept. Men were more likely to be satisfied with when the service was provided, were also more likely to expect prompt service, and also were more likely to believe that employees were helpful. Men were more likely to select that employees were too busy, both groups believed that they could trust employee’s, and both groups felt safe. More women thought that employees were polite, and that they had organizational support. More women believed that they had individual attention compared to men, and also believed that employee’s knew their needs. Women thought that the doctors had their best interest at heart compared to women, and women thought that the operating hours were acceptable, while men did not. Recommendations The data from this study shows several opportunities for improvement in the quality of the service they provide. The overall quality of the hospital was rated very low. This is a major opportunity for improvement. This is a broad general view of the hospital by the patients this should improve as all of the smaller issues get improved. Intent to complain to management- There is room for improvement in almost all of the perceived service areas. The appealing facilities question was about neutral. Improving the appearance of the facility and making sure it is constantly clan would improvement customer perceptions of the quality of the hospital. Maybe it’s time to do some renovations. The respondents were about neutral to equipment being up to date. This isn’t that bad, but it would still be good to have newer equipment and would raise this section.

Quality Management: Cathay Pacific Airways Essay

Introduction Cathay Pacific Airways is an international airline registered and based in Hong Kong, offering scheduled cargo and passenger services to over 80 destinations around the world. They are deeply committed to Hong Kong, where the Company was founded in 1946. They continue to make substantial investments to develop Hong Kong’s aviation industry and enhance Hong Kong’s position as a regional transportation hub. In addition to their fleet of aircrafts, these investments include catering, aircraft maintenance and ground handling companies, as well as their corporate headquarters at Hong Kong International Airport; Cathay Pacific and its subsidiaries and associate employ 25,000 staff in Hong Kong. The airline’s two major shareholders are both Hong Kong companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, as is Cathay Pacific itself. Cathay Pacific is the major shareholder in AHK Air Hong Kong Limited, an all cargo carrier that offers scheduled services in the Asia region, and is a shareholder in Hong Kong Dragon Airlines Limited. They are also a founding member of the one world global alliance whose combined network serves over 570 destinations worldwide. Other members of one world are Aer Lingus, American Airlines, British Airways, Finnair, Iberia, LanChile and Qantas. Quality Management Defined In a total quality setting, Quality is as determined by the customer and employees produce it. Thus quality of a service is the customer’s perception of the degree to which the service meets their expectations Six-sigma quality is a standard and a philosophy of customer satisfaction. The six-sigma philosophy requires an ongoing audit mechanism that identifies opportunities for improvement and changes in customer expectations. Emphasize the importance of customer satisfaction. Define a quality goals and objectives and translate these into actual service and service delivery activities. There are some types of goals and objectives need to consider. -To satisfy customers. -To encourage continuous improvement. -To respect social and environmental needs. -To foster a collective commitment to quality. -To improve the efficiency of service delivery. -To clearly define customer needs and expectations. -To look for opportunities to improve service quality. Define service quality responsibilities and give your personnel the authority to carry out these responsibilities. Make sure that senior management retains the responsibility for developing, measuring, auditing, and improving your service quality system. Various interviews and customer surveys conducted throughout the year, customers are invited to participate in the Cathay Pacific Voice of the Customer survey, conducted multiple times per year to determine where customers are satisfied and where they can improve. These survey results are then used to develop plans to act on your suggestions, improving the solutions and experiences customer get from Cathay Pacific. They greatly increased customer satisfaction with Cathay Pacific service. Customer Expectation In a total quality setting, customers define quality and employees produce  it. Customers were considered outsiders who used a company’s products and suppliers were outsiders who provided the materials needed to provide the good service. Every organization has both internal and external customers. An external customer is the one spoken to in the traditional definition. An internal customer is any employee whose work depends on that of employees whose work precedes theirs. Cathay Pacific Airways have much different kind of customers and with any age. Cathay Pacific have sponsor young people from Asia to attend a special ecological course in South Africa. Over 190 students from around the world have traveled here to study Chinese language and culture at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. In addition, they sponsor the student exchange programmers at the Chinese University of Hong Kong and the City University of Hong Kong respectively. Also they can be a businessperson or people who is going just for tourist. Each year Cathay Pacific sponsor wheelchair athletes from Hong Kong to compete in the 10km wheelchair race in Vietnam. The organization’s survival depends on the customer. Customers who are satisfied with the quality of their purchases from an organization become reliable customers. So customer satisfaction is essential. Providing high quality service ensures customer satisfaction. Companies have to look to customers when they set standards for measuring quality. Products and services need to be improved with time to meet the varying need of the customers. To clarify how customers perceive quality, there are summarizes the four foundations of perceived quality: Product Quality, Service Quality, Brand Image and Personal Cost. Customers perceive quality on the following basic tangible principles: 1. Performance 2. Features 3. Reliability 4. Serviceability 5. Durability 6. Appearance 7. Customer service Customers expect to have a best service with lower price. Therefore Cathay Pacific always believes in Service Straight from the Heart. From their front-line staff to those behind the scenes, the dedication of every person at Cathay Pacific remains the driving force behind our service. It’s about treating people as individuals and treating them like your best friend. They call it Service Straight from the Heart because it stems from within. Thus their staff led their personal lives in the same way they embrace their professional one with fervor, integrity and optimism This positive lifestyle may stem from an exercise regimen in the quest to stay fit and alert and always ready for the next big challenge and to deliver expectations. It could revolve around a continuous thirst for knowledge that leads to self-improvement and improving the lives of others. Or else it may be a personal passion for traveling that offers incredible insight on what makes an unforgettable travel experience. Reputation is something that can be good or bad for a Cathay Pacific by customers. It is built upon the competitive elements such as quality, reliability, delivery and price. Once a Cathay Pacific acquires a bad reputation for quality, it takes a very long time to change it. Reputations good or bad can quickly become national reputations. Customers tend to remember only the bad quality they receive. For example: If 99 % of flights arrives is on time, the customer will only remember the 1%  of flight arrives late. Quality and customer satisfaction may not be enough to hold on to customers. Cathay Pacific must also build relationships with customers. Customer retention is a more accurate reflection of an organization’s success than quality or customer satisfaction. Customer retention is affected by factors that the company can control, like service improvements, and factors that are controlled by the marketplace, like pricing flexibility. Strong relationships with customers can increase retention by asking customers the right questions, really listening to what they have to say, and providing feedback to them on the results of action plans. Quality and customer satisfaction are still very important, but customer retention should be the organization’s ultimate test of success. Customer satisfaction is achieved by producing high-quality services that meet or exceed expectations. The key to establishing a customer focus is to put employees in touch with customers so that customer needs are known and understood. Scholtes’s six-step strategy for identifying customer needs is as follows: speculate about results, develop an information gathering plan, gather information, analyze the results, check the validity of conclusions and take action. Customer needs are not static. Therefore, constant contact with customers is essential in a total quality setting. Whenever possible, this contact should be in person or by telephone. Written surveys can use, but they will not produce the level of feedback that personal contact can generate. Measuring customer satisfaction alone is not enough. Many customers who defect are satisfied. Cathay Pacific should measure customer retention. They should go beyond satisfying customers to creating value for them in every supplier customer interaction. Cost of Quality Cost of quality as defined by Crosby â€Å"Quality Is Free†, Cost of quality is the amount of money a business loses because its product or service was not done right in the first place. In early April, Cathay Pacific reduced their passenger capacity in response to the fall in passenger traffic arising from the SARS outbreak. They cancelled 45% of their passenger flights and parked 22 aircraft. The integrity of their network was maintained, although services to Fukuoka and Sapporo were temporarily suspended. This is the business loses by the suddenly SARS occur or a badly performed service, businesses lose money every day due to poor quality. Quality is the confluence of customer expectation and realization. It is essential that every organization is aware of the cost of quality, which awareness must. In Cathay Pacific, the lowest possible level of defects, which can be achieved only by an aggressive search for and elimination of the sources of error, is a prerequisite for an internationally competitive performance. There have four major areas of the cost of quality: Prevention, Appraisal, Internal Failure, and External Failure. Prevention involves costs of any effort to eliminate defects in service. When providing service, an excellent service with strong planning can certainly prevent the occurrence of errors and other problems down the line. Appraisal includes the cost of measuring, evaluating and auditing services to assure conformance with requirements. If a defect occurred on the assembly line, the defect was thrown out irrespective of the cost of materials and labor. Internal failure refers to costs required to evaluate or correct service not conforming to requirements prior to furnishing services. This could include rework, operations corrective actions, re-inspections, and labor losses. In Cathay Pacific, this can include the need for rescheduling different flights when they are interdependent and errors occur, e.g., in the computer system. Reports have to be rewritten. Other internal failure occurs when errors in  wrong data affect other departments within the Cathay Pacific. External failure refers to the cost of failure after furnishing services to customers. This includes complaints, liability, goodwill, and both lost sales and customers. If customers are lost, this type of failure is most expensive, especially considering that new customers are estimated to be five times as expensive to acquire as the cost to maintain existing customers. Quality Program The reason of SARS arising in early April, Cathay Pacific reduced their passenger capacity in response to the fall in passenger traffic. Cathay Pacific Airways have to implement preventive measures to guard against the spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) at airports served, in provision of in-flight service, and related to its ground and in-flight personnel. In any business, also need to continuous improvement to keep survival in the world. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is an approach to continual improvement that brings customers into the design of services. It translates what the customer wants into what Cathay Pacific provides. A QFD matrix takes shape of a house. An example will show in the next page. QFD yields the following benefits to Cathay Pacific that is interested in continual improvement: customer focus, time efficiency, teamwork orientation and documentation orientation. QFD also makes use of several specialized tools including Affinity diagrams, which are used to promote creative thinking. The interrelationship diagraph is used to bring logic to the process of identifying relationships among ideas. The tree diagram identifies all tasks that must be accomplished to solve a problem. Matrix diagrams are used to identify connections among responsibilities, tasks and functions. Cathay Pacific can use QFD to closely monitoring the SARS situation in adjustments to its flight schedule, according to passenger demand. That’s why they can identify the problems of SARS and find out the solution to eliminating the problem happen occur again. Cathay Pacific can implement measures to guard against the spread of the SARS virus as follows: Protective measures for all staff in all functions: ?Wear surgical mask and latex gloves every time that work is conducted on the aircraft upon flight arrival from an affected country as determined by the World Health Organization (WHO). ?Check-in staff providing passenger service at airports in affected countries must wear surgical masks at all times when providing service provision. -After work has been completed, staff must cleanse their hands thoroughly with clean water and disinfecting soap. -Used surgical mask and latex gloves must be disposed of in a specifically designated container, labeled accordingly. -Disinfecting spray must be used on all flights returning from countries considered affected areas. Measures related to in-flight service provision: -Disinfecting spray must be used on flights departing from countries considered affected areas. -Cabin crew must observe passengers for SARS symptoms related to the respiratory system, such as high fever, coughing, sneezing, and provide surgical masks for passengers to wear. -Cabin crew must separate the passenger suspected to have SARS symptoms from other passengers, or separate the passenger in a designated area, and inform  the International Communicable Disease Control Office under Cathay Pacific, before the flight lands. Measures related to customer service: Check-in and boarding gate staff working at airports in Taiwan, Singapore, Vietnam, China ?in Hong Kong, must observe passengers for SARS symptoms. If passengers are observed to have high fever, coughing, and difficulty breathing, they must provide a doctor’s letter stating they are fit to travel. If the passenger does not have a doctor’s letter, the physician on duty at the respective airport must be contacted to examine the passenger with related symptoms. If there is any doubt to the nature of the passenger’s illness, the passenger may be denied boarding. Difficulties or Limitation Customer information is the most important for continuous improvement. We have to collect reliable information to identify the cause of problem. This is difficult to ensure all the information is reliable. Sometimes the information is according by the service-testing editor for magazine or newspaper gives the service a try and writes an article pointing out weaknesses. Customer information falls into two broad categories: feedback and input. Feedback is given after the fact. In Cathay pacific, this means after a problem has been occur. Feedback is valuable and should be collected. However, it comes too late in the process to help ensure that customer requirements are met. Input is obtained before the fact. In Cathay pacific, this means during the problem happening. Collecting customer input during service provides allows changes to be made before the worst problem occurs. Collecting input is more valuable than collecting feedback. Conclusion The outbreak in mid March of atypical pneumonia or SARS had a devastating impact on Cathay Pacific passenger business. The interim performance of Cathay Pacific Catering Services (H.K.) Limited was badly affected by the outbreak of SARS. The company implemented stringent cost controls. All overseas flight kitchens were impacted by SARS and also implemented cost control measures. SARS had little effect on the airfreight business and the company reported a satisfactory interim profit. Hong Kong Airport Services Limited reported an interim loss due to the large number of flight cancellations. After an air quality monitoring programmed, undertaken in aircraft cabins, showed that the air is of a good quality. A comprehensive programmed to sort and recycle paper materials such as newspapers and in-flight menu cards has been implemented on all inbound flights. The impact of SARS resulted in a concerted effort to reduce energy consumption in Cathay City. Measures taken include temperature adjustments, reduced lighting and restricted availability of lifts and escalators. We can see the SARS had a little effect to the Cathay Pacific. Hence they need to use QFD to continual improvement that brings customers into the design of services. It translates what the customer wants into what Cathay Pacific provides.

Marketing Audit - 977 Words

Explanation of what a marketing audit is: The purpose of a marketing audit is to review and appraise existing marketing activities and to look at the way the marketing is planned and managed, giving the opportunity for a systematic examination of each element of the organisations current marketing activity and achievements, and to objectively evaluate the effectiveness of the organisations investment in marketing. The marketing audit assists in the evaluation of the whole marketing activity, and provides the tools to assess past and present performance to provide a basis for evaluating possible future courses of action. You are able to discover the strengths and weaknesses in relation to opportunities and threats you face as an†¦show more content†¦It will assist in assessing whether the organisation has the required capabilities, structure and resources to pursue market opportunities and improve the market position. 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